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Ostrea - Species in
Ostreidae - - Classification -
- Ostreidae
- Ostreida
- Bivalvia
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Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758
Edible oyster| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Ostrea edulis AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS
Bivalvia | Ostreida | Ostreidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / εύρος βάθους / distribution range Οικολογία
; Υφάλμυρο; εύρος βάθους 125 - 200 m (Αναφ. 2754). Subtropical, preferred 15°C (Αναφ. 107945)
Distribution Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Εισαγωγές
Northeast Pacific, Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea: UK, Turkey, Greece; introduced in North America.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Weight / Age
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 12.0 cm SHH αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Αναφ. 88171)
Typically found in rich estuaries and shallow-waters along the tidal zone, attached to stones, compacted mud or silt, muddy sand or gravel substrate, or on bivalve shell fragments. May also be found on wave-exposed areas; and up to depths of 80 m. Prefer salinities between18 to 40; and water temperature of 17°C. Suspension feeders; filters phytoplankton from the ambient waters. Sexual maturity at 3 years. Alternating hermaphrodites; initially producing and releasing sperm as males and then becoming female and producing eggs kept in the mantle cavity where they are fertilized. Highly fecund with 500,000 to more than a million eggs produced by a single individual per year. Incubation in the mantle cavity lasts from 7 to 10 days, followed by a 10 to 30-day planktonic larval veliger stage, until it permanently cements itself with a byssal substance unto the substrate, often in aggregating colonies. Dispersal distances, as influenced by the currents, estimated to be more than 10 km. Life span estimated at 20 to 30 years. A human food source since the Stone Age. German North Sea populations decline began in the late 18th century and attributed to the use of steam ships in oyster fishery; and since the 1950s to 2012, is considered extinct in German waters. Identified hindrance to recolonization include anthropogenic influences such as overfishing and unregulated fishing; presence of invasive species and eutrophication linked to aquaculture; habitat-altering and destructive marine construction activities; poisoning from oil spills and from the liquid biocide, tributyltin hydride, in anti-fouling marine paint used in commercial shipping; as well as temperature and osmotic stress due to climate change (Ref. 88171).
Life cycle and mating behavior Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Eggs | Γονιμότητα | Larvae
Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.
Main reference
Αναφορές | Συντονιστής | Συνεργάτες
Demir, M. 2003 Shells of mollusca collected from the seas of Turkey. Turkey Journal of Zoology 27:101-140. (Αναφ. 2754)
IUCN Red List Status
(Αναφ. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Αναφ. 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Αναφ. 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
FAO - Υδατοκαλλιέργειες: production, species profile; αλιεία: landings | FishSource | Η θάλασσα γύρω μας
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Taxonomy
Αναφορές
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Υδατοκαλλιέργειες: species profile; αλιεία: ; publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Δέντρο Ζωής | Wikipedia (Go, αναζήτηση) | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref. 115969): 7.1 - 11.9, mean 9.7 (based on 65 cells).
Climate Vulnerability
(Αναφ. 125649):
High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients : Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.