Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Laridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
; sötvatten; brackvatten. Tropical
Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean. Tropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 70.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 94965); publicerad maxvikt: 1.0 kg (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 5.76 cm; wing: 42.3 cm.
Total Length: 61 to 68 cm; Wingspan: 132 to 137 cm (Ref. 8812). Occupies the continental shelf; <300 km (Ref. 356). Ground nesting species. Nests on grassy areas or slopes. When spotting threat, adults give out alarm calls to warn chicks who respond by moving to a nearby hiding place (Ref. 87784). Displays dipping and surface-plunging behavior (Ref. 356).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Laying of third egg which is variably smaller than the first two eggs in the same clutch is correlated to the facilitation of brood reduction (when beneficial) and sex-biased investment decisions, i.e., hormonally-mediated female reproductive recrudescence (Ref. 95045).
SAUP Database. 2006. (Ref. 356)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Verktyg
Ytterligare information
PhysiologySyreförbrukning
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet-källor
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 1.4 - 10.5, mean 5.3 (based on 433 cells).
Resiliens
Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=16.65).
Fishing Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.