Not assigned |
Testudines |
Cheloniidae
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
底中水層性; 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (參考文獻 78527). Tropical; 61°N - 40°S, 130°W - 160°E (參考文獻 1397)
Indo-Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean.
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?, range 49 - ? cm Max length : 76.0 cm CL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 418); common length : 75.0 cm CL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 1397); 最大體重: 43.4 kg (參考文獻 1397)
The olive ridley turtle has a slightly deeper body than the Kemp’s ridley. In adults; carapace nearly round; upturned on the lateral margins; flat on top; its width 90 percent of its length (Straight Curved Length (SCL)). Head: subtriangular; moderate-sized; averaging 22.4 percent of straight carapace length (SCL). Hatchlings: relatively bigger heads (39 percent SCL); longer carapaces (width 78 percent SCL); flippers comparatively bigger than in adults. In 3-year old juveniles: the carapace width, 93 percent of SCL; head length, 26 percent of SCL. Scales and scutes: same configuration as in the Kemp’s ridley; but the lateral scutes are often more than five pairs; the first pair is always in touch with the precentral scute. Also has openings of the Rathke’s glands on the plastral bridges; through a pore on the rear part of each inframarginal scute Fore flippers with 1 or 2 visible claws on the anterior border; sometimes another small claw in the distal part; rear flippers also with 2 claws. Males: larger more strongly curved claws; as well as a longer tail. Color: adults, plain olive-grey above; creamy or whitish; with pale grey margins underneath. Newborn hatchlings: when wet; almost completely black; sometimes with greenish sides; in general, become dark grey after drying. With growth; they change to grey dorsally and white underneath.
This species is the most abundant sea turtle in the world. Frequently neritic, usually migrates along the continental shelves and feeds in shallow waters (Ref. 1397) but also dives deeper than 150 m (Ref. 78527). Shallow coastal waters; open sea forming schools (Ref. 417). Habitat is a warm vertically stratified water with deep thermocline (Ref. 78527). Observed to be basking on sand beaches (Ref. 1397). Nesting patterns range from solitary to small groups to arribadas (Ref. 97534). Little information exists on the feeding behavior of post-hatchlings and juveniles in pelagic waters, but they are most likely exclusively carnivorous, consuming, for instance, invertebrates and fish eggs. Older juveniles and adults feed on a wide variety of benthic organisms (Ref. 122680).
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Mating occurs before and during nesting season near nesting beaches, along migratory routes or at the sea surface. When disturbed, they dive. It is assumed that promiscuity may occur but was not yet reported. Nesting season occurs in summer and autumn but varies from place to place. The reproductive cycle is almost annual which occurs every 14 or 28 days and repeats two to eight times per season. The mean number of eggs per clutch is around 109 eggs which usually ranges from a couple of dozen to more than 155 eggs. Incubation period extends from 45 to 65 days. Egg mean diameter ranges from 3.21 to 4.47 cm and 30 to 38 g in weight. Hatchlings ranges between 3.47 and 4.46 cm straight carapace length and from 12 to 22.3 g in body weight. Sizes and weight varies in different populations and localities (Ref. 1397). Temperature-dependent Sex Determination (TSD) is demonstrated in this species (Refs. 83974, 83976).
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Hirth, H.F. 1993 Chapter 10. Marine turtles. pp. 329-370. In A. Wright and L. Hill (eds) Nearshore marine resources of the South Pacific. Forum Fisheries Agency (Honiara), Institute of Pacific Studies (Suva) and International Centre for Ocean Development (Canada), 710 p. (參考文獻 97534)
IUCN 瀕危狀態
(參考文獻 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
易受傷害 (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 30 June 2008
CITES狀態 (參考文獻 108899)
對人類具威脅
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋
工具
網路資源
基於模型的估計
回復力
(Ref. 69278): |
中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.14-0.18; tm=8) |
釣魚的脆弱性
(參考文獻 71543) |
High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100). |
價格種類
(參考文獻 80766): |
Unknown. |
