Cephalopoda |
Sepiida |
Sepiolidae | Heteroteuthinae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
موجوداتی که در محدوده وسیعی از آبهای آزاد از نزدیک بستر و یا روی کف بستر، در قسمت های میان آبی تا سطح آب و در برخی گونه ها با قابلیت پرواز، زندگی و تغذیه می کنند.; تغييرات عمق 200 - 3000 m (مرجع 1695). Tropical; 52°N - 35°S, 85°W - 46°E (مرجع 106956)
Atlantic, Mediterranean, Western Indian Ocean and the Pacific.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 2.5 cm ML جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 1695)
Mesopelagic or benthopelagic, but also found on the bottom at depth range to 1588 m, paralarvae found in mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones, far from coasts, with bottom depth ranging between 1,500 and 3,000 m. Adults live in groups in lower epipelagic and mesopelagic zones, common at depths between 200 and 300 m. Often found in areas inhabited by populations of red shrimps. Represents a sizeable component of the diet of several top predators, including dolphins, sharks, swordfish and tunas. Caught by pelagic nets and shrimp trawlers but of no commercial interest due to the low quantities available to fisheries (Ref. 1695).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Jereb, P. and C.F.E. Roper (eds.) 2005 Cephalopods of the world. An Annotated and Illustrated catalogue of Cephalopod species known to date. Vol. 1. Chambered nautiluses and sepioids (Nautilidae, Sepiidae, Sepiolidae, Sepiadariidae, Idiosepiidae and Spirulidae). FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. 4(1):262p. Rome: FAO. (مرجع 1695)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Population dynamicsرشدMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.نوسانات طولیMass conversionفراواني Life cycleتولید مثلبلوغFecundityتخم ریزیEggsنمو تخمLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 3.7 - 14, mean 7.1 (based on 746 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
طبقه قيمت
Unknown.