Gastropoda |
Ostreida |
Margaritidae
Ambiente: milieu / zona climatica / distribuzione batimetrica / gamma di distribuzione
Ecologia
Benthic; distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 40 m (Fonte Biblio. 80041), usually 0 - 20 m (Fonte Biblio. 75831). Tropical; 42°N - 26°S, 32°E - 109°W
Indo-Pacific: from Sudan south to Madagascar, north to Honshu, Japan and east to Baja California, Mexico. Introduced in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.
Lunghezza alla prima maturità / Dimensione / Peso / Età
Maturità: Lm ? range ? - 4 cm Max length : 9.8 cm SHL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Fonte Biblio. 2922); Età massima riportata: 15 anni (Fonte Biblio. 129284)
Shell rather thick and large (attaining 25 cm in length), subcircular in outline, with a short and ill-defined posterior ear which is not drawn out into a wing-like process. Anterior margin markedly protruding beyond the tip of anterior ear. Outer surface of valves, when not worn, with densely set, flattened, imbricating concentric scales and moderately long, parallel-sided and flattened spines with tapering or rounded ends; spines lying relatively flat on surface of valves, arranged in radial rows and often strongly projecting on shell margins. hinge completely devoid of teeth. Colour: outside of shell greyish brown or green to nearly black in ground colour, with radial stripes of white or yellowish markings corresponding to the basal portion of old flattened spines. Internal nacreous area silvery, with a darker smoky hue and a hint of red and green iridescence on border. Non-nacreous area very dark.
Found in shallow waters in between corals (Ref. 122680). Byssally attached to rocks and coral debris (Ref. 8010). Inhabits reef areas of lagoons (Ref. 97298). Some found lying freely on sand, coarse gravel or dead coral substrates and often found in eel grass beds and other marine plants (Ref. 80041). Also occur in mangrove areas (Ref. 129120). Feeds on phytoplankton (Ref. 96904).
A continuous spawner (peak: December to April, warm season).
Poutiers, J.M. 1998 Bivalves. Acephala, Lamellibranchia, Pelecypoda. p. 123-362. In Carpenter, K. E. and V. H. Niem. 1998. FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 1. Seaweeds, corals, bivalves, and gastropods. Rome, FAO. (Fonte Biblio. 348)
Stato della Lista Rossa IUCN
(Fonte Biblio. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Stato della CITES (Fonte Biblio. 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Fonte Biblio. 116361)
Not Evaluated
Minaccia per l'uomo
Usi umani
Pesca: commerciale
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Strumenti
Informazioni ulteriori
Dinamica della popolazione FisiologiaConsumo di ossigeno
Legato all'uomoFrancobolli, monete, materiale vario.
Fonti Internet
Stime basate su modelli
Resilienza
(Ref. 69278): |
Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (K=0.26-0.58) |
Vulnerabilità della pesca
(Fonte Biblio. 71543) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100). |
Categoria di prezzo
(Fonte Biblio. 80766): |
Unknown. |
Nutrients
|
Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |
