Malacostraca |
Decapoda |
Nephropidae
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
Benthic; تغييرات عمق 0 - 150 m (مرجع 4), usually ? - 50 m (مرجع 4). Subtropical, preferred 12°C (مرجع 107945); 69°N - 29°N, 28°W - 32°E (مرجع 4)
Eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean and Black Sea. Not in east of Crete and in the Baltic Sea.
طول در اولین بلوغ / اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm 8.9, range 8 - 8.3 cm Max length : 65.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 441); common length : 40.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 441); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 6.0 kg (مرجع 4); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 72 سال ها (مرجع 81081)
Common total length: 23 to 50 cm. Occurs on the continental shelf at depths of 0 to 150 m, usually not deeper than 50 m. Found on hard substrates such as rock or hard mud. Nocturnal and territorial living in holes or crevices. Females with eggs are usually found throughout the year. The eggs are laid around July and carried for 10 to 11 months (Ref. 4). Indiscriminate scavengers, omnivorous or carnivorous. Feeds primarily on malacostracan crustaceans, gastropod mollusks, and polychaete annelids; but diet known to include carrion, echinoderms, lamellibranchs and plant matter (Ref. 96319).
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
Females with eggs are usually found throughout the year. The eggs are laid around July and carried for 10 to 11 months (Ref. 4). Coupling occurs a few days after the female molts (Ref. 80921).
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Holthuis, L.B. 1991 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 13. Marine lobsters of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(13):292p. Rome: FAO. (مرجع 4)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: با ارزش تجاري بالا; آبزي پروري: آزمايشي
FAO - ماهي گيري – شيلات: نمايه گونه, landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | دریای اطراف ما
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
مرتبط با انسانتمبر، سکه، متفرقه.
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
جهندگی
(Ref. 69278): |
زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=0.79-1.0; Fec=13,000) |
Rate of population increase
|
Prior r = 0.37, 95% CL = 0.25 - 0.56, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment. |
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری
(مرجع 71543) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100). |
آسیبپذیری اقلیمی
(مرجع 125649) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100) |
طبقه قيمت
(مرجع 80766): |
Very high. |
Nutrients
|
Calcium = 109 [35, 184] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386] g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |
