Rhinella marina, Marine toad

Rhinella marina   (Linnaeus, 1758)

Marine toad

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Rhinella marina  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Изображение на Google |

No photo available for this species.
No drawings available for Bufonidae.

Классификация / Names народные названия | синонимы | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Amphibia | Anura | Bufonidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / пределы глубины / distribution range экология

; пресноводный; солоноватоводный.  Tropical

Distribution страны | регионы FAO | Ecosystems | места находок | интродукции

Pacific and Atlantic: South and Central America.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Возраст

половая зрелость: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 23.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (ссылка 86255)

биология     глоссарий (например epibenthic)

Adults range from 15 to 23 cm in length. This species has a bufotoxin that is a defense mechanism for marine toads. This causes irritation to humans and animals especially when in contact with the eyes and other mucous membranes (Ref. 86255). This is an omnivorous species. Its diet is composed of insects like beetles, ants, and earwigs, vegetation, small birds, other amphibians like toads, frogs, lizards, small mammals and snakes (Ref. 86255).

Life cycle and mating behavior половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Mating season is during spring, particularly late March. Breeding is from April to September wherein two strings of eggs are released by the female on the water surface. It takes 3 days before hatching occurs. From small tadpoles, they metamorphose to small toads in 45 to 50 days.

Основная ссылка ссылки | координатор | соавторы

Integrated Taxonomic Information System 2003 Integrated Taxonomic Information System database. http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/itisca/taxaget?p_ifx=cbif (ссылка 538)

Статус Красного Списка МСОП (ссылка 130435: Version 2025-1)


Статус СИТЕС (ссылка 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (ссылка 116361)

Not Evaluated

Угроза для людей

Other

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дополнительная информация

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
состав пищи
потребление пищи
хищники
экология
Population dynamics
рост
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Размерный состав
Mass conversion
численность
Life cycle
размножение
половая зрелость
Fecundity
нерест
Eggs
Развитие икры
Larvae
Physiology
Oxygen consumption
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
ссылки

ресурсы в Интернет

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (Геном, Нуклеотид) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Вперёд, поиск) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.2 - 29.1, mean 27.7 (based on 264 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability (ссылка 71543): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).