Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Others. Tropical; 33°N - 37°S, 104°E - 12°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Indo-Pacific and Atlantic Ocean.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 39.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 144.00 g (Ref. 356)

Short description Morphology

Culmen: 3.72 cm; tarsus: 2.5 cm; wing: 23.5 cm.

Total Length: 35 to 39 cm; Wingspan: 66 (Ref. 8812) to 76 cm (Refs. 84934, 91362). Total population is over 200,000 pairs (Ref. 84934). Coastal to <10 km offshore (Ref. 356). Found on coastal rock, and over sea (Ref. 83946). Breeds annually in dense colonies, preferably in bushes and trees in Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (Ref. 84934). They are double-brooded. When there is danger, alarm calls are given by adults and chicks respond by crouching in place (Ref. 87784). Highly pelagic. Typically feeds far out at sea in large, gregarious flocks over shoals of predatory fish (Ref. 91362). Exhibits dipping and surface-seizing foraging behavior (Ref. 356). Feed mainly by dipping, hovering and picking from or just below the surface of the water. Also, shallow-plunging (Ref. 126735).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Lusk, M.R., P. Bruner and C. Kessler. 2000. (Ref. 5591)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 December 2019

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

| FishSource |

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items

Common names
Synonyms
Predators
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Morphology
Larvae
Abundance

References
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.2 - 29.3, mean 28.2 (based on 2178 cells).

Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=42.36).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Anous minutus Boie, 1844