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Hydroprogne caspia Pallas, 1770
Caspian tern
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS
Aves | Charadriiformes | Laridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Others; freshwater; brackish. Subtropical; 66°N - 47°S, 125°W - 179°E (Ref. 124582)
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
Atlantic, Indo-Pacific and Mediterranean. Subtropical to temperate.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 59.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 662.00 g (Ref. 356)
Short description Morphology
Culmen: 6.87 cm; wing: 40.02 cm.
Total Length: 48 to 59 cm; Wingspan: 127 to 140 cm (Ref. 8812). Estuarine. Found on beach and shoreline (Ref. 116102). Plunge diver; dipping; coastal (Ref. 356). Low rate of mate retention; 75% of individuals change mates between years; attributed to tendency to change nesting localities annually. Nests solitarily or colonially. Variations in nest site quality and mate quality observed. Shifts breeding location and colony site when environment becomes unstable; as in cases of flooding, a factor reducing site fidelity. Possibly a pollutant-related behavioral response to PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls) levels in the North American Great Lakes is lower nest-site tenacity of this species in the area. On the Colombia River, world's largest colony of Caspian Terns were questionably displaced in an attempt to protect hatchery-raised salmon molts on the river (Ref. 87784).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Lepage, D. 2007. (Ref. 7816)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 August 2018
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Ref. 116361)
Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements
Threat to humans
Human uses
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More information
Trophic Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Distribution
Physiology
Oxygen consumption
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
References
Internet sources
BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref. 115969): 9.8 - 29.1, mean 27.4 (based on 4475 cells).
Price category
(Ref. 80766):
Unknown.