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Hydroprogne caspia
Hydroprogne caspia Pallas, 1770
Caspian tern
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Family:  Laridae ()
Max. size:  59 cm TL (male/unsexed); max.weight: 662.0 g
Environment:  others; freshwater; brackish; marine
Distribution:  Atlantic, Indo-Pacific and Mediterranean. Subtropical to temperate.
Diagnosis:  Culmen: 6.87 cm; wing: 40.02 cm.
Biology:  Total Length: 48 to 59 cm; Wingspan: 127 to 140 cm (Ref. 8812). Estuarine. Found on beach and shoreline (Ref. 116102). Plunge diver; dipping; coastal (Ref. 356). Low rate of mate retention; 75% of individuals change mates between years; attributed to tendency to change nesting localities annually. Nests solitarily or colonially. Variations in nest site quality and mate quality observed. Shifts breeding location and colony site when environment becomes unstable; as in cases of flooding, a factor reducing site fidelity. Possibly a pollutant-related behavioral response to PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls) levels in the North American Great Lakes is lower nest-site tenacity of this species in the area. On the Colombia River, world's largest colony of Caspian Terns were questionably displaced in an attempt to protect hatchery-raised salmon molts on the river (Ref. 87784).
IUCN Red List Status: (LC); Date assessed: 07 August 2018 Ref. 123251)
Threat to humans: 
Country info:   
 

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