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Indo-West Pacific: from East and South Africa to Melanesia; north to Japan and south to northern New South Wales.
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm? range ? - ? cm Max length : 6.0 cm SHL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (参考文献 349); common length : 5.0 cm SHL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (参考文献 349)
Locally collected for food by coastal populations (Ref. 349). It is found among marine growths in sheltered areas, and shallow subtidal zones (Ref. 349). Often on intertidal rocks facing the ocean (Ref. 799), and shallow water habitats with rock coral reefs or sandy substrates (Ref. 128042).
Poutiers, J.M. 1998 Gastropods. p. 363-648. In Carpenter, K. E. and V. H. Niem. 1998. FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 1. Seaweeds, corals, bivalves, and gastropods. Rome, FAO. (参考文献 349)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书
(参考文献 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
