Uria aalge, Common murre

Uria aalge   (Pontoppidan, 1763)

Common murre
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No photo available for this species.
No drawings available for Alcidae.

رده بندی / Names اسامي عام | مترادف | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Aves | Charadriiformes | Alcidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range بوم شناسي

; تغييرات عمق 0 - 180 m (مرجع 62202).  Temperate; 79°N - 32°N, 127°E - 61°E (مرجع 124582)

Distribution كشورها | مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO) | Ecosystems | ظهور | معرفي

Northern Pacific, Northern Atlantic and the Arctic.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن

بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 43.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 8812); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 992.50 g (مرجع 356)

توصيف مختصر ريخت شناسي

Culmen: 4.83 cm; tarsus: 3.75 cm; wing: 20.3 cm.

زيست شناسي     واژه نامه (بعنوان مثال epibenthic)

Total Length: 40 to 43 cm; Wingspan: 71 cm (Ref. 8812). Inhabits the continental shelf; <100 km (Ref. 356). One of the largest global population of seabirds at >10 million individuals. Slender-billed fit for predominantly fish diet. Feed on sandeels (Ammodytes marinus) and capelins (Mallotus villosus) . Based on stable isotope analysis (SIA) diet study of egg albumin, belongs to lower N signature group (based on ratios of stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon) indicating a more planktivorous diet early in the breeding season and shifts to a piscivorous diet when raising its chicks in late summer (Ref. 87784). Displays pursuit diving behavior (Ref. 356). Carry prey in their bills back to their colony; adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food; breeding pairs sharing incubation and chick-rearing duties (Ref. 95711). With flexible time-budgets that allow adults more feeding time during lean years. Breed in colonies on cliff sides. Vocal interactions in the colony by way of repeated waves of calling sounds. Fostering recorded with Thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia). Appeasement or fight avoidance posture in incubating birds include turning away and flattening themselves against a cliff. Semi-precocial. Chicks leave nest after attaining 25% of adult body mass. Highly vulnerable to environmental pollution such as PCB pesticide pollution reported on Long Island in the early 1970s and oil pollution from the Exxon Valdez in Prince William Sound, Alaska in 1989, and the Apex Houston oil spill in 1986 off the Californian coast. High levels of selenium reported in eggs and tissues of birds from Puget Sound that is linked to lower survivability and reproductive failure due to kidney and liver damage and congenital deformities. The 1993 ENSO event in the Gulf of Alaska saw mortality in the thousands due to starvation. Globally most widely affected by mortality due to fishing net entrapment recorded in northern Norway, the western Bering Sea, the Farallon Islands, waters off eastern Newfoundland, western Greenland (Ref. 87784).

Life cycle and mating behavior بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

مآخذ اصلی مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران

Barrett, R.T., M. Asheim and V. Bakken. 1997. (مرجع 4085)

وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (مرجع 130435: Version 2024-2)

  حداقل نگرانی (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 August 2018

وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (مرجع 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر برای انسان ها

استفاده انسانی


| FishSource |

ابزارها

E-book | راهنماي صحرايي

اطلاعات بيشتر

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
تركيب غذايي
مصرف غذايي
شکارچیان
بوم شناسي
بوم شناسي
Population dynamics
رشد
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversion
فراواني
Life cycle
تولید مثل
بلوغ
Fecundity
تخم ریزی
Eggs
نمو تخم
Larvae
Distribution
كشورها
مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO)
Ecosystems
ظهور
معرفي
Physiology
Oxygen consumption
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
همكاران
Taxonomy
اسامي عام
مترادف
ريخت شناسي
عکس ها
مراجع
مراجع

منابع اينترنتي

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (ژنوم, نوکلئوتيد) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (برو, جستجو) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 0.4 - 11.6, mean 4.9 (based on 1620 cells).
جهندگی (Ref. 69278): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=17.97-33.84).
Fishing Vulnerability (مرجع 71543): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
طبقه قيمت (مرجع 80766): Unknown.

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