Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Laridae
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
Others; 深度上下限 0 - 175 m (参考文献 125337), usually 25 - 175 m (参考文献 125337). Temperate; 83°N - 3°N, 180°W - 180°E
Atlantic Ocean, Northern Pacific and the Arctic. Temperate to polar.
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm最大体重: 407.00 g (参考文献 356)
Culmen: 3.615 cm; tarsus: 4.02 cm; wing: 31.885 cm.
Found along the coastal and continental shelf, further offshore over shelf break and oceanic regions, <185 km. Exercise dipping and pattering behavior (Ref. 356). From the east coast of Scotland and northern England, this species forage widely, both inshore and offshore in the North Sea, and surface-feed by scooping prey from the water; although with relatively limited ability to exploit the water column. Known to feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus and identified as most sensitive to sandeel-fishery closure in this region. They form nesting colonies with breeding pairs sharing incubation and chick-rearing duties. Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
主要参考文献
参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Lepage, D. 2007 Avibase -the World Bird Database. http://www.bsc-eoc.org/avibase/avibase.jsp [accessed 09/07/2007]. (参考文献 7816)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书
(参考文献 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
易受伤害 (VU) (A2abd+3bd+4abd); Date assessed: 08 August 2018
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
人类利用
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
工具
更多信息
人口动态成长最大年龄/尺寸长度-重量关系长短关系体长-频率质量转换丰度
网络资源
基于模型的估算
回复力
(Ref. 69278): |
高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=17.39-48.64) |
渔业脆弱性
(参考文献 71543) |
(0 of 100). |
价格分类
(参考文献 80766): |
Unknown. |
