Aves |
Procellariiformes |
Procellariidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
سطح زی; تغييرات عمق 0 - 66 m (مرجع 58635), usually 1 - 14 m (مرجع 58635). Tropical; 21°C - 31°C (مرجع 96995)
Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean. Tropical to temperate.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 46.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 8812); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 570.00 g (مرجع 356)
Culmen: 4.04 cm; tarsus: 5.13 cm; wing: 31.0 cm.
Total Length: 41 to 46 cm; Wingspan: 97 to 104 cm (Ref. 8812). Occupies ridges and burrows. Form small breeding colonies on headlands and the tops of coastal cliffs; found in groups of burrows rather than spread out (Ref. 89480). Colonial breeder on oceanic islands. Typically gregarious at sea; does not trail ships (Ref. 91362). Found along seashores (Ref. 83946) and the continental shelf. Exhibits pursuit-plunging and surface-diving (Ref. 81748). Feeding mode: contact dipping (birds flew close to the surface to catch their prey); feeding on the surface (birds catch their prey from a sitting position or surface dive); air dipping (observed infrequently; birds catch the flying fish) (Ref. 96995).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Breeding season is dependent on the area: from April to November in northern subtropical Pacific localities; from October to May in southern subtropical Pacific localities; breeding cycle in tropical Pacific localities extends the eight-month breeding season of those in the subtropical Pacific.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Eriksen, J. and R. Victor. 2013. (مرجع 129478)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2024-2)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Population dynamicsرشدMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.نوسانات طولیMass conversionفراواني Life cycleتولید مثلبلوغFecundityتخم ریزیEggsنمو تخمLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 17.9 - 28.3, mean 26.2 (based on 1116 cells).
جهندگی
زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=8.46-24.15).
Fishing Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
طبقه قيمت
Unknown.