Aves |
Sphenisciformes |
Spheniscidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
. Polar
Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Antarctic.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 68.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 8812); publicerad maxvikt: 4.4 kg (Ref. 356)
Total population is 6,500,000 pairs. It was observed to increase in numbers and extend it geographical range due to increase in food availability (Ref. 84934). This is a gregarious, bold and aggressive species (Ref. 91362). Pursuit diving (Ref. 356).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Harrison, P. 1987 Seabirds of the world: a photographic guide. Christopher Helm, Hong Kong, 317p. (Ref. 91362)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Verktyg
Ytterligare information
Population dynamicsTillväxtMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionAbundans Life cycleReproduktion
Könsmognad
Fecundity
Lek
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
PhysiologySyreförbrukning
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet-källor
Estimates based on models
Resiliens
Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=1.27-3.31).
Fishing Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.