Lunarca ovalis, Blood ark : fisheries, aquaculture

Lunarca ovalis   (Bruguière, 1789)

Blood ark

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Lunarca ovalis  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Lunarca ovalis

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Bivalvia | Arcida | Arcidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range Ekologi

; djupintervall 0 - 68 m (Ref. 104365).  Tropical, preferred 25°C (Ref. 107945); 43°N - 35°S, 98°W - 33°W (Ref. 3446)

Distribution Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Utplanteringar

Western Atlantic: from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, to the West Indies and Brazil.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 7.6 cm SHL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 78146)

Short description Morfologi

Equivalved, oval in shape. Size range: 2.8-7.6 cm shell length. Shell length to height ratio = 1.16 (Ref. 78148). Shell depth reaching 70% of height (Ref. 78152).

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

In the USA, this species remains a potential fishery resource. From the late 1990s to early 2000s, wild stocks of this species are the target of a small-scale fishery in North Carolina (Ref. 78154) and the eastern coast of Virginia with exports primarily as ethnic food to Chicago, New York, Los Angeles and Washington D.C. (Ref. 78152). Occurs at depths ranging from the low-tide line to 3 m (Ref. 78147). Found in an estuarine environment (Ref. 104365). Found in most soft bottoms but prefers fine sand (Ref. 78148). Is a suspension feeder, discreetly motile while feeding with its ctenidia, i.e., the comb-like structure functioning as gill in bivalve mollusks (Ref. 78149). In general, suspension feeding bivalves mainly depend on phytoplankton and detritus material for nutrition (Ref. 107088).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Sexes are separate with low incidence of hermaphrodism (2.17%). Males dominant (m/f=2.68). Peak in gonadal pattern in late spring to early summer (45% ripe in May) and a minor peak in winter (21% ripe in December). Dribble spawning likely strategy to extend spawning period and increase reproductive success.

Main reference referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, P.M. Mikkelsen, R.J. Neves, C.F.E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F.G. Thompson, M. Vecchione and J.D. Willams 1998 Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed. American Fisheries Society (Special publication 26), Bethesda, Maryland. 526 p. (Ref. 1667)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell; Vattenbruk: experimentell
FAO - fiskeri: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Verktyg

E-book | Fälthandbok

Ytterligare information

Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
Födosammansättning
Födointag
Predatorer
Ekologi
Ekologi
Population dynamics
Tillväxt
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundans
Life cycle
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Fecundity
Lek
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Distribution
Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
Physiology
Syreförbrukning
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Medarbetare
Taxonomy
Populärnamn
synonymer
Morfologi
Bilder
referenser
referenser

Internet-källor

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(fiskeri: ; publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, sök) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 14.5 - 28, mean 25.4 (based on 490 cells).
Resiliens (Ref. 69278): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=0.45; tm=5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.
Nutrients :  Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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