|
Charadriiformes |
Laridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
; estuarina. Tropical; 64°N - 44°S, 98°W - 72°E (Ref. 125423)
Eastern Pacific, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 8812); Peso máx. publicado: 300.00 g (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 5.8 cm; tarsus: 2.54 cm; wing: 32.5 cm.
Total Length: 40 to 45 cm; Wingspan: 91 to 94 cm (Ref. 8812). A coastal species (Ref. 356), found on beach and shoreline, nearshore and in islands (Ref. 116102). Primarily foraging inshore. In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, they are known to partially feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus. Breeding pairs share incubation and chick-rearing duties in nesting colonies. They surface-feed by scooping prey from the water and carry it in their bills (Ref. 95711). Displays plunge-diving behavior (Ref. 356). Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Stienen, E.W.M. and A. Brenninkmeijer. 2002. (Ref. 5815)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Categoria CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Ameaça para o homem
Utilização humana
| FishSource |
Ferramentas
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 9.5 - 28.8, mean 25.6 (based on 3906 cells).
Resiliência
Elevada, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população menor que 15 meses (K=54.13).
Vulnerabilidade
Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Categoria de preço
Unknown.