Sterna sandvicensis, Sandwich tern

Sterna sandvicensis   Latham, 1787

Sandwich tern
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Aves | Charadriiformes | Laridae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Others; brackish.  Tropical; 64°N - 44°S, 98°W - 72°E (Ref. 125423)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Eastern Pacific, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 300.00 g (Ref. 356)

Short description Morphology

Culmen: 5.8 cm; tarsus: 2.54 cm; wing: 32.5 cm.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Total Length: 40 to 45 cm; Wingspan: 91 to 94 cm (Ref. 8812). A coastal species (Ref. 356), found on beach and shoreline, nearshore and in islands (Ref. 116102). Primarily foraging inshore. In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, they are known to partially feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus. Breeding pairs share incubation and chick-rearing duties in nesting colonies. They surface-feed by scooping prey from the water and carry it in their bills (Ref. 95711). Displays plunge-diving behavior (Ref. 356). Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Stienen, E.W.M. and A. Brenninkmeijer. 2002. (Ref. 5815)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 August 2019

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements

Threat to humans

Human uses


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Trophic Ecology
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Distribution
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FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Physiology
Oxygen consumption
Human Related
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Taxonomy
Common names
Synonyms
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References
References

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 9.5 - 28.8, mean 25.6 (based on 3906 cells).
Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=54.13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

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