Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Others; brackish. Tropical; 64°N - 44°S, 98°W - 72°E (Ref. 125423)
Eastern Pacific, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 300.00 g (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 5.8 cm; tarsus: 2.54 cm; wing: 32.5 cm.
Total Length: 40 to 45 cm; Wingspan: 91 to 94 cm (Ref. 8812). A coastal species (Ref. 356), found on beach and shoreline, nearshore and in islands (Ref. 116102). Primarily foraging inshore. In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, they are known to partially feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus. Breeding pairs share incubation and chick-rearing duties in nesting colonies. They surface-feed by scooping prey from the water and carry it in their bills (Ref. 95711). Displays plunge-diving behavior (Ref. 356). Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).
Stienen, E.W.M. and A. Brenninkmeijer. 2002. (Ref. 5815)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 9.5 - 28.8, mean 25.6 (based on 3906 cells).
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=54.13).
Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.
