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成熟度: Lm2.4, range 2 - ? cm Max length : 3.8 cm SHL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (参考文献 109255); common length : 2.5 cm SHL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (参考文献 109255)
Minimum depth range from Ref. 121806. Occurs throughout the Mediterranean coastal waters (Ref. 121808). Subtidal (Ref. 105316). Inhabits fine well-sorted sand (Ref. 2780) and fine muddy sands (Ref. 121806). Often buried into substrate with its proboscis protruding. Emerges at night to forage (Ref. 107005). Also found offshore (Ref. 121805). Genus is known to scavenge (Ref. 104227). Juveniles feed on detritus-rich substrate while adults are carnivores and scavengers (Ref. 107005).
This species is a non-broadcast spawner. Life cycle does not include trocophore stage (Ref. 126039). Assumed sex reversal from male to female occurs at lengths 1.8 to 2.0 cm ShH (Ref. 107005). Also Ref. 833.
Gusso, C.C., M.F. Gravina and F.R. Maggiore 2001 Temporal variations in soft bottom benthic communities in central Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy). Archo Oceanogr. Limnol. 22:175-182. (参考文献 2780)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书
(参考文献 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
