Enhydra lutris   (Linnaeus, 1758)

Sea otter

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2100
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Enhydra lutris  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Enhydra lutris (Sea otter)
Enhydra lutris
Picture by FAO

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Mammalia | Carnivora | Mustelidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Bathydemersal; depth range 0 - 25 m (Ref. 78507).  Subtropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Pacific Ocean: Enhydra lutris lutris: Russia, Kamchatka, Kuril Island, Hokkaido; Enhydra lutris kenyoni: Aleutian and Pribilof Islands, east along the south shore of the Alaska Peninsula, northeast to Prince William Sound, and thence southeast to Washington State; Enhydra lutris nereis: from northern California south to Morro Hermoso in Baja California Norte, including the Farallon Islands, Channel Islands; Mexico (Ref. 1522).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 148 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 1394); 140 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 45.0 kg (Ref. 1394); max. published weight: 45.0 kg

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found in shallow nearshore waters. Feeds on or near the bottom in shallow waters (often in kelp beds); on benthic invertebrates (i.e. abalones, sea urchins, rock crabs, other shellfishes, cephalopods, and sluggish near-bottom fishes) (Ref. 1394). It is preyed upon by great white sharks (Ref. 32140). Found in shallow nearshore waters. Feeds on or near the bottom in shallow waters (often in kelp beds); benthic invertebrates (i.e. abalones, sea urchins, rock crabs, other shellfishes, cephalopods, and sluggish near-bottom fishes) (Ref. 1394).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber. 1993. (Ref. 1394)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 126983)

  Endangered (EN) ; Date assessed: 21 January 2020

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Fisheries: species profile | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Common names
Synonyms
Predators
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Morphology
Larvae
Abundance
References
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Fisheries: species profile; publication : search) | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates of some properties based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 1 - 9.7, mean 5 (based on 506 cells).
Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.2-2.63).
Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.