| Main Ref. | Hill, M., R. Baker, G. Broad, P.J. Chandler, G.H. Coop, J. Ellis, D. Jones, C. Hoyland, I. Laing, M. Longshaw, N. Moore, D. Parrott, D. Pearman, C. Preston, R.M. Smith and R. Waters, 2005 |
| To | Essex. |
| FAO area | Atlantic, Northeast |
| From | North America including Mexico. |
| FAO area | Atlantic, Northwest |
| Year | 1927 |
| Range | 1900 - 1927 |
| Period | 19th century |
| Established in the Wild | yes |
| Established in Aquaculture | |
| Significant Ecological Interactions | yes - adverse |
| Significant Socio-economic Effects | |
| Introduced by | |
| Reason | accidental |
| Other Reason | |
| Comments | Associated unintentional introduction with American Oysters. Predates native oysters and individuals consume about 40 oyster spat (50 to 20 mm diameter) per year. Direct control method is applied. Non-random invasion patterns indicate repeated invasion: multiple live shipments to England that indicate inoculation numerous times over many years from the same source (Ref. 125669). Ref. Hill, M., R. Baker, G. Broad, P.J. Chandler, G.H. Coop, J. Ellis, D. Jones, C. Hoyland, I. Laing, M. Longshaw, N. Moore, D. Parrott, D. Pearman, C. Preston, R.M. Smith and R. Waters, 2005 |