| Main Ref. | Bartley, D.M. (comp./ed.), 2006 |
| To | Netherlands |
| FAO area | Atlantic, Northeast |
| From | United States of America |
| FAO area | |
| Year | 1870 |
| Range | |
| Period | 19th century |
| Established in the Wild | yes, self reproducing |
| Established in Aquaculture | rarely used |
| Significant Ecological Interactions | |
| Significant Socio-economic Effects | |
| Introduced by | unknown |
| Reason | diffused from other countries |
| Other Reason | aquaculture |
| Comments | 1864; introduced to North Sea. According to Minchin & Rosenthal (2002:216) this Western Atlantic species was introduced to the Netherlands in 1965 for experimental cultivation. |