| Comments |
In 2011, Ensis directus were collected from 3 sites in northern Spain: Otur sandy beach, Mussel Port of Gijón, and Villaviciosa estuary. Should the population become very large, it could possibly compete with or displace other Ensis species in Villaviciosa estuary. Local fishermen have started harvesting E. directus for human consumption and use as fish bait. It was assumed to be released from ballast water off Elbe estuary via shipping lines coming to and from Mussel Port of Gijón. Ref. Arias, A. and N. Anadón, 2012 |