| Main Ref. | Bartley, D.M. (comp./ed.), 2006 |
| To | Canada |
| FAO area | |
| From | Western Europe |
| FAO area | |
| Year | 1840 |
| Range | |
| Period | 19th century |
| Established in the Wild | yes, self reproducing |
| Established in Aquaculture | |
| Significant Ecological Interactions | yes - adverse |
| Significant Socio-economic Effects | |
| Introduced by | unknown |
| Reason | fisheries |
| Other Reason | accidental |
| Comments | The introduction of this species have had little or no economic impact but has fundamentally altered the distribution and abundance of algae on rocky shores, altered hard-bottom, soft-bottom, and salt marsh habitat dynamics, negatively interacted with native species. |