Main Ref. |
Bartley, D.M. (comp./ed.), 2006 |
To |
Hawaii |
FAO area |
Pacific, Eastern Central |
From |
Ecuador, Costa Rica, Panama |
FAO area |
|
Year |
|
Range |
1980 - 1982 |
Period |
1975-present |
Established in the Wild |
unknown |
Established in Aquaculture |
|
Significant Ecological Interactions |
yes - adverse |
Significant Socio-economic Effects |
|
Introduced by |
unknown |
Reason |
aquaculture |
Other Reason |
|
Comments |
The specimens introduced were found to be contaminated by the IHHN disease which was highly lethal for juveniles (approaching 90% in mortality rates). |