Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 968 m (Ref. 101286). Temperate, preferred 5°C (Ref. 107945); 82°N - 43°N, 71°W - 68°E
Northern Atlantic and the Arctic: From Canada and USA to UK, Germany and Russia.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 0.9, range 1 - ? cm Max length : 16.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 8); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 4 Tahun (Ref. 106917)
Common in offshore waters (Ref. 106917). Epifaunal in areas with sludge (Ref. 96352). Free-living (Ref. 3123).
Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833).
rujukan utama
Acuan | Koordinator | mitra
Harms, J. 1993. (Ref. 2711)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
status CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
FAO - Perikanan: landings, profail spesis | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Alat, peralatan
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 6 - 9.7, mean 7.4 (based on 222 cells).
Daya lenting
Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (K=0.96-1.2; tm=1).