Virgularia mirabilis   (Müller, 1776)

Elegant sea pen

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Virgularia mirabilis  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Virgularia mirabilis (Elegant sea pen)
Virgularia mirabilis

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Anthozoa | Pennatulacea | Virgulariidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Sessile; depth range 36 - 366 m (Ref. 109199).  Subtropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Arctic, Atlantic and the Mediterranean: USA and Canada.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Known from circalittoral and bathyal zones (Ref. 85338). Also found on bay, nearshore and slope (Ref. 109199).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Anthozoa are either gonochoric or hermaphroditic. Mature gametes are shed into the coelenteron and spawned through the mouth. Life cycle: The zygote develops into a planktonic planula larva. Metamorphosis begins with early morphogenesis of tentacles, septa and pharynx before larval settlement on the aboral end.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Cairns, S.D., D.R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C.B. Castro, D.G. Fautin, P.R. Pugh, C.E. Mills, W.C. Jaap, M.N. Arai, S.H.D. Haddock and D.M. Opresko. 2003. (Ref. 1663)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses


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Tools

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More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Common names
Synonyms
Predators
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Morphology
Larvae
Abundance
References
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 0.4 - 22.7, mean 6.3 (based on 168 cells).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.