Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Others. Boreal

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Eastern Pacific and Western Atlantic.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 19.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 87872)

Beach and shoreline, and bay and nearshore (Ref. 116102). Exhibits "resource defense polyandry" mating system. Females larger than males by about 20-25% and is the dominant sex; male and female pair defend territory where they nest, rear their brood and forage for food. After laying the third egg of the 4-egg clutch, females start prospecting for new mates. Males generally incubate and care for brood. Female will desert the previous mate when she finds a new male; may mate with up to 4 males; and may lay up to 5 clutches in a single breeding season. Nesting behavior involves the male scraping the ground several times to form nest cups, and collecting and lining it with small pieces of dry vegetation; only once formed will the female begin laying in one of them. This allows the female to continue foraging while producing eggs. (Ref. 95153). Feeds mainly on terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates (Ref. 95152).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Breeds from Newfoundland and Labrador to Alaska north to the limit of trees south to North Carolina, Texas, and California. Winters from the southern part of its breeding range south through Mexico and Central America to Chile and Brazil in South America (Ref. 87872).

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Kennedy, M.K., L. Van Guelpen, G. Pohle and L. Bajona (eds.). 2010. (Ref. 87872)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 October 2016

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

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Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
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Eggs
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Age/Size
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Actitis macularius Linnaeus, 1766