Not assigned |
Not assigned |
Phoronidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Sessile; depth range 0 - 69 m (Ref. 83939). Subtropical
Cosmopolitan.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 19.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 402)
This is a benthic species found on muddy and sandy bottoms, coastal lagoons and on seagrass particularly in intertidal and subtidal areas (Ref. 83939). Suspension feeder (Ref. 68823).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the phylum Phoronida are mostly hermaphroditic. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming planktotrophic actinotrocha larvae which later sinks to the bottom and metamorphose into benthic adults.
Emig, C.C. and C. de Mittelwihr. 2005. (Ref. 1)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 10.3 - 29, mean 25.1 (based on 2360 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.