Symplegma brakenhielmi   (Michaelsen, 1904)


Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Symplegma brakenhielmi  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Ascidiacea | Stolidobranchia | Styelidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Sessile; brackish; depth range 0 - 33 m (Ref. 1661).  Tropical

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Indo-Pacific, Western Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 7.0 cm COLD male/unsexed; (Ref. 2268)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Assumed maximum body length is 4 cm (Ref. 2226) and maximum colony diameter is 7 cm (Ref. 2268). Identified as possible Lessepsian migrant, present at least in Red Sea and eastern Mediterranean (Ref. 85347). Maximum depth from Ref. 116065. Common in the ponds, where it grows either directly on the peat bank or on large solitary ascidians or oysters (Ref. 1758, 86424), found in harbours, attached to kelp, and it grows on man-made structures or on other ascidians (Ref. 2268). Filter-feeder (Ref. 68823).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Ascidiacea are hermaphroditic; both cross- and self-fertilization is typical. Life cycle: Eggs develop into lecithotrophic larva before metamorphosing into benthic adults.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Rocha, R.M., S.B. Faria and T.R. Moreno. 2005. (Ref. 1624)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses


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FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Common names
Synonyms
Predators
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Morphology
Larvae
Abundance
References
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 22.6 - 29.2, mean 27.5 (based on 2449 cells).
Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.