| 主要参考文献 | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
| 模态 | |
| 受精 | external |
| 产卵频度 | |
| 批次产卵者 | No |
| 生殖同功群 |
nonguarders Open substratum egg scatterers |
| 生命周期与交配行为的描述 | Members of the class Ascidiacea are hermaphroditic; both cross- and self-fertilization is typical. Life cycle: Eggs develop into lecithotrophic larva before metamorphosing into benthic adults. |
| 搜寻有关繁殖更多的参考资料 | Scirus |