Main Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Mode | true hermaphroditism |
Fertilization | external |
Spawning Frequency | |
Batch Spawner | No |
Reproductive Guild | |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Members of the superorder Thoracica are mostly hermaphroditic. Broadcast spawners, fertilization occurs in the mantle cavity. Life cycle: Eggs hatch into planktonic nauplii and leave the mantle cavity. Afterwards, they undergo six naupliar instars succeded by nonfeeding cypris larva (settling stage) which later metamorphose into adults (Ref. 833). Species is a simultaneous hermaphrodite (Ref. 117168). |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |