Main Ref. | Power, A.J., J. Nunez, M. Mitchell, R.L. Walker and L. Sturmer, 2004 |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | external |
Spawning Frequency | two seasonal peaks per year |
Batch Spawner | No |
Reproductive Guild | |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Sexes are separate with low incidence of hermaphrodism (2.17%). Males dominant (m/f=2.68). Peak in gonadal pattern in late spring to early summer (45% ripe in May) and a minor peak in winter (21% ripe in December). Dribble spawning likely strategy to extend spawning period and increase reproductive success. |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |