Family: |
Toxopneustidae () |
Max. size: |
10 cm WD (male/unsexed) |
Environment: |
benthic; marine; depth range 0 - 75 m |
Distribution: |
Indo-Pacific: from east Africa to southeast Asia, north to South Korea, Japan and Hawaii, south to Australia and New Zealand, to as far east as Galapagos Islands. |
Diagnosis: |
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Biology: |
Intertidal to subtidal (Ref. 106729). Inhabits shallow seagrass beds at depths of 1 to 30 m (Ref. 800). Also on rubble (Ref. 106121)and coral reef areas (Refs. 106724, 106728, 106735) like reef lagoons (Ref. 106729). Tripneustes gratilla elatensis: occurs in inland salt-ponds tolerating salinities greater than 45 ppm at 15°C (Ref. 2940). Feeds on macroalgae, seagrass, diatoms and coral tissue scraped from rocks (Ref. 2944). Omnivore (Ref. 116259). Grazing species. Dwells among rocks and boulders. Utilizes floating seaweed as cover (Ref. 129602). |
IUCN Red List Status: |
Not Evaluated (N.E.) Ref. 123251)
|
Threat to humans: |
harmless |
Country info: |
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Source and more info: www.sealifebase.org. For personal, classroom, and other internal use only. Not for publication.
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