| Family: |
Palinuridae (spiny lobsters) |
| Max. size: |
50 cm TL (male/unsexed); max. reported age: 15 years |
| Environment: |
benthic; marine; depth range 5 - 200 m |
| Distribution: |
Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean: from Norway to Morocco. Subtropical to temperate. |
| Diagnosis: |
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| Biology: |
Traditionally caught by traps, pots and sometimes by hand (e.g., diving and spearing; Refs. 441, 85369), but these gears were eventually replaced with trammel nets (Ref. 85369). Minimum depth from Ref. 4. Occurs at depths between shore to 200 m, on rocky bottoms and coralligenous substrates where there are lots of protective holes and micro-caves. Adults may be solitary, in pairs or in small groups. Highly omnivorous and preys on hard-shelled bottom dwelling organisms, i.e., mollusks, echinoderms and crustaceans. They are generalists and opportunistic feeders depending on the abundance of benthic organisms (Ref. 85369). Ovigerous females are observed from September to October and February to March (Ref. 4). |
| IUCN Red List Status: |
Vulnerable (VU); Date assessed: 26 September 2013 (A2bd) Ref. 123251)
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| Threat to humans: |
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| Country info: |
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