| Ref. principal | Ng, P.K.L., 1998 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Prefers oceanic waters, usually found just offshore on soft muddy bottoms (Also Ref. 9773). Can be caught up to 50 m offshore as it migrates offshore to spawn (Ref. 343). Subtidal (Ref. 106854). Digs deep burrows in mangroves and soft substrates in shallow or intertidal waters (Refs. 343, 9773). Found in brackish to sea water (Ref. 77016). Forages at night. Major predator (Also Ref. 128960) of small invertebrates colonizing mangrove swamps (Ref. 8752). Feeds on shrimps, crabs, fishes, and bivalves (Refs. 99886, 102679). Benthic scavenger but prefers oysters (Ref. 9773). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrato | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: mud; |
|---|---|
| Substrato Ref. | CRUSTA, 2012 |
| Special habitats | Other habitats: burrows; |
| Habitats especiais Ref. | Le Reste, L., L. Feno and A. Rameloson, 1976 |
| Ref. | Ng, P.K.L., 1998 |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associado a | |
| Observações da associação | |
| Parasitism |
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Tipo de alimentação Ref. | Le Reste, L., L. Feno and A. Rameloson, 1976 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Hábito alimentar Ref. | Le Reste, L., L. Feno and A. Rameloson, 1976 |
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.17 | 0.37 | 3.08 | 0.17 | Troph of juv./adults. |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.73 | 0.67 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Hill, B.J., 1979 | ||||