Main Ref. | Trono, G.C. Jr., 2001 |
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Remarks | Inhabits shallow waters of the intertidal and upper subtidal zones. Grows in exposed or shaded areas, attached to calcareous substrates such as coralline rocks, rocks covered by crustose algae, and on sandstones or shells of molluscs. Also found in tidepools with relatively high changes in water temperature, pH, salinity and degree of exposure to air are influenced by tide (Ref. 80758). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: sessile; Soft Bottom Hard Bottom: rocky; rubble; |
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Substrate Ref. | Trono, G.C. Jr., 2001 |
Special habitats | Beds: algae/seaweed; bivalve; rock; sea grass; vegetation ( roots/holdfast, ); |
Special habitats Ref. | Trono, G.C. Jr., 2001 |
Ref. | Norris, J.N. and K.E. Bucher, 1982 |
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Associations | epiphytic; |
Associated with | Thalassia (Ref. 87157) |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
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Ref. |