Ecology Summary - Phaethon rubricauda

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Ecology Summary - Phaethon rubricauda

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Ecology of Phaethon rubricauda

Main Ref.	SAUP Database, 2006
Remarks	Found <500 km offshore (Ref. 356). Generally pelagic during non-breeding season. Loosely colonial. Solitary at sea (Ref. 96995). Sometimes trail ships (Ref. 91362). Usually forages alone, but occasional with other species, most often far from land (Ref. 122680). Exhibits deep-diving plunge (Ref. 356). Main diet includes flyingfish, but also takes squid, mackerel scads, dolphinfish, truncated sunfish and balloonfish (Ref. 122680).

Main Ref.

SAUP Database, 2006

Remarks

Found <500 km offshore (Ref. 356). Generally pelagic during non-breeding season. Loosely colonial. Solitary at sea (Ref. 96995). Sometimes trail ships (Ref. 91362). Usually forages alone, but occasional with other species, most often far from land (Ref. 122680). Exhibits deep-diving plunge (Ref. 356). Main diet includes flyingfish, but also takes squid, mackerel scads, dolphinfish, truncated sunfish and balloonfish (Ref. 122680).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds caves exclusively in caves

Highighted items on the list are where Phaethon rubricauda may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.	Harrison, P., 1987
Associations	solitary; colony-forming/symphorism;
Associated with
Association remarks	Loosely colonial. Solitary at sea.
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Karpouzi, V.S., 2005
Feeding habit	variable
Feeding habit Ref.	Karpouzi, V.S., 2005

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	original sample		unfished population		Remark
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	Remark
From diet composition
From individual food items	4.26	0.72			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.

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