Main Ref. | Cairns, S.D., D.R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C.B. Castro, D.G. Fautin, P.R. Pugh, C.E. Mills, W.C. Jaap, M.N. Arai, S.H.D. Haddock and D.M. Opresko, 2003 |
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Remarks |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: sessile; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Other habitats: other invertebrates (Polyp found growing on Tubularia indivisa (Rees, 1938), on Spartina spec, shells and many other solid objects, just below the water line.); |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Schuchert, P., 2001 |
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Associations | colony-forming/symphorism; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Schuchert, P., 2001 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | copepod nauplii, protists, and larvae of gastropods and polychaetes. | ||||
Ref. | Schuchert, P., 2001 |