Main Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
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Remarks | Adults spawn offshore and postlarvae enter shallow estuarine waters, settling on algal and seagrass beds. Juveniles are reported to feed on plant material (Ref. 106887). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: demersal; Soft Bottom: mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Holthuis, L.B., 1980 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Soares, R., S. Peixoto, W. Wasielesky and F. D'Incao, 2005 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 2.92 | 0.33 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |