Main Ref. | Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, P.M. Mikkelsen, R.J. Neves, C.F.E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F.G. Thompson, M. Vecchione and J.D. Willams, 1998 |
---|---|
Remarks | Attaches to hard substrata. Often found in estuaries (Ref. 108771). Byssate, epibiotic (Ref. 104365). Feeds on inorganic particles, vascular plant detritus, diatoms and other phytoplankton (Ref. 108780). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Benthic; Hard Bottom; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | Barber, B.J., J.S. Fajans, S.M. Baker and P. Baker, 2005 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Vittor, B.A., 2002 |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Feeding habit | filtering plankton |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ruppert, E.E., R.S. Fox and R.D. Barnes, 2004 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.00 | 0.00 | Troph of juv./adults. | ||
From individual food items | 2.00 | 0.00 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Odum, W.E. and E.J. Heald, 1972 |