Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 深度上下限 0 - 1 m (Ref. 125422). ; 57°N - 37°S, 88°W - 175°E (Ref. 124582)
Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 43.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 8812); 最大体重: 110.00 g (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 3.893 cm; tarsus: 1.996 cm; wing: 23.31 cm.
Total Length: 35 to 43 cm; Wingspan: 76 to 79 cm (Ref. 8812). A coastal species; <30 km (Ref. 356). This species primarily forage inshore (Ref. 95711). Displays plunge-diving and dipping behavior (Ref. 356). In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, they are known to partially feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus. Breeding pairs share incubation and chick-rearing duties in nesting colonies. They surface-feed by scooping prey from the water and carry it in their bills. Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).
主要参考文献
参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
LeCroy, M. and C.T. Collins. 1972. (Ref. 8531)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
| FishSource |
工具
网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 10.6 - 29.2, mean 27.4 (based on 5667 cells).
回复力
高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=41.2-72.92).
脆弱性
Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
价格分类
Unknown.
