Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 1 m (Ref. 125422). Tropical; 57°N - 37°S, 88°W - 175°E (Ref. 124582)
Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 43.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 8812); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 110.00 g (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 3.893 cm; tarsus: 1.996 cm; wing: 23.31 cm.
Total Length: 35 to 43 cm; Wingspan: 76 to 79 cm (Ref. 8812). A coastal species; <30 km (Ref. 356). This species primarily forage inshore (Ref. 95711). Displays plunge-diving and dipping behavior (Ref. 356). In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, they are known to partially feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus. Breeding pairs share incubation and chick-rearing duties in nesting colonies. They surface-feed by scooping prey from the water and carry it in their bills. Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).
rujukan utama
Acuan | Koordinator | mitra
LeCroy, M. and C.T. Collins. 1972. (Ref. 8531)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
status CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
penggunaan manusia
| FishSource |
Alat, peralatan
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 10.6 - 29.2, mean 27.4 (based on 5667 cells).
Daya lenting
Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (K=41.2-72.92).
keancaman
Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
kategori harga
Unknown.
