Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 深度上下限 0 - 330 m (Ref. 356), usually 11 - 36 m (Ref. 8). , preferred 24°C (Ref. 107945); 39°N - 8°N, 98°W - 60°W
分布
國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 簡介
Western Atlantic and the Caribbean.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 2.2, range 9 - ? cm Max length : 26.9 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 8); 28 cm TL (female); 最大年齡: 2.00 年 (Ref. 108798)
Maximum standard length: 27.0 cm (Ref. 356). Maximum depth range from Ref. 97531. Inhabits bottom firm mud and silt with sand and shells. Juveniles can live in water with low salinities (Ref. 8). Juveniles use seagrass beds as nursery grounds until they reach a size of about 10 cm total length, then migrates offshore. Feeds nocturnally, mainly preying on the seagrass shrimp Thor floridanus. Other food items of juveniles include bivalves, calcareous algae, plant detritus, copepods and seagrass fragments (Ref. 67427).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Life cycle: Larvae undergo 5 naupliar stages, 3 protozeal stages and 2 to 5 mysis stages (Ref. 108811). Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833). Spawns throughout the year (Ref. 108797).
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Holthuis, L.B. 1980. (Ref. 8)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
CITES狀態 (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 誘餌: usually
FAO - 漁業: landings, 魚種描繪 | FishSource | 周邊海洋
工具
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 14.6 - 27.8, mean 24.4 (based on 492 cells).
回復力
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=1.2-3.27; tmax=2).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.88, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
瀕危性
Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
